According to UN-Habitat research, well-functioning cities devote about 50% of their surface area to public space. Pavements, streets, parks, gardens, squares, or markets are areas for social interaction, economic exchange, cultural expression and strengthening climate resilience. However, the multifunctional potential of public spaces is often not reflected in their design.

To remedy this, the C40 Cities design guide for public spaces shares common principles, multiple practical actions and inspiring case studies from around the world.